Which phase of HPA axis dysfunction indicates very low cortisol output?

The exhaustion phase of HPA axis dysfunction is characterized by significantly low cortisol output. This phase occurs after prolonged stressors have exhausted the body's ability to maintain cortisol production. During the earlier phases, the body typically reacts by producing higher levels of cortisol to manage stress. However, as the stress continues and the body's resources are depleted, it reaches a point where the adrenal glands are unable to sustain adequate cortisol levels.

In this exhaustion phase, individuals may experience a variety of symptoms associated with low cortisol, such as fatigue, weakened immune response, and difficulty coping with stress. The body's inability to produce sufficient cortisol indicates that the adrenal glands are overwhelmed and have become dysfunctional due to chronic stress or adrenal fatigue.

Understanding this phase is crucial for recognizing the impact of prolonged stress on health and the importance of addressing HPA axis dysfunction in the context of functional diagnostic nutrition.